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#MD SIMULATION FDTD SOFTWARE#
#MD SIMULATION FDTD FREE#

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#MD SIMULATION FDTD FREE#

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#MD SIMULATION FDTD SOFTWARE#

As of 2013, there are at least 25 commercial/proprietary FDTD software vendors 13 free-software/ open-source-software FDTD projects and 2 freeware/closed-source FDTD projects, some not for commercial use (see External links).ĭevelopment of FDTD and Maxwell's equations In 2006, an estimated 2,000 FDTD-related publications appeared in the science and engineering literature (see Popularity). Current FDTD modeling applications range from near- DC (ultralow-frequency geophysics involving the entire Earth- ionosphere waveguide) through microwaves (radar signature technology, antennas, wireless communications devices, digital interconnects, biomedical imaging/treatment) to visible light ( photonic crystals, nano plasmonics, solitons, and biophotonics). Since about 1990, FDTD techniques have emerged as primary means to computationally model many scientific and engineering problems dealing with electromagnetic wave interactions with material structures. The descriptor "Finite-difference time-domain" and its corresponding "FDTD" acronym were originated by Allen Taflove in 1980. The novelty of Kane Yee's FDTD scheme, presented in his seminal 1966 paper, was to apply centered finite difference operators on staggered grids in space and time for each electric and magnetic vector field component in Maxwell's curl equations.

1.1 Development of FDTD and Maxwell's equationsįinite difference schemes for time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) have been employed for many years in computational fluid dynamics problems, including the idea of using centered finite difference operators on staggered grids in space and time to achieve second-order accuracy.

The resulting finite-difference equations are solved in either software or hardware in a leapfrog manner: the electric field vector components in a volume of space are solved at a given instant in time then the magnetic field vector components in the same spatial volume are solved at the next instant in time and the process is repeated over and over again until the desired transient or steady-state electromagnetic field behavior is fully evolved. The time-dependent Maxwell's equations (in partial differential form) are discretized using central-difference approximations to the space and time partial derivatives. The FDTD method belongs in the general class of grid-based differential numerical modeling methods ( finite difference methods). Since it is a time-domain method, FDTD solutions can cover a wide frequency range with a single simulation run, and treat nonlinear material properties in a natural way. Yee, born 1934) is a numerical analysis technique used for modeling computational electrodynamics (finding approximate solutions to the associated system of differential equations). This scheme involves the placement of electric and magnetic fields on a staggered grid.įinite-difference time-domain ( FDTD) or Yee's method (named after the Chinese American applied mathematician Kane S.

In finite-difference time-domain method, "Yee lattice" is used to discretize Maxwell's equations in space.